The generic structures of procedure text are :
1. Goal/aim (or title)
2. Materials (not required for all procedural texts)
3. Steps (the actions that must be taken)
Rabu, 01 Desember 2010
Procedure Text
The generic structures of procedure text are :
1. Goal/aim (or title)
2. Materials (not required for all procedural texts)
3. Steps (the actions that must be taken)
Narrative Text
~ The definition of narrative text :
~ Narrative text is a text is used for the purpose of entertaining or a musing, creating stimulating emotions, motivasi, guiding and teaching the readers or the listeners and it usually deals with actual or vicious experience.
~ Narrative texts such as : fable (mouse deer and crocodile), legend/folk tales (sangkuriang,malin kundang,) fairy tale (Cinderella,snow white, pinochio).
Recount Text
Recount text
~ Recount text is a text that is used to retell events for the purpose of informing or entertaining.
The generic structures of recount text are :
1. Orientation (it gives the readers the background information needed to understand the text such as who was involved, where it happened, when it happened).
2. Events (a series of events, ordered in chronological sequerce)
3. Re-Orientation (restates the writer’s opinion or personal comment of the writer on the incident.
The significant lexicogrammatical features :
- Use of simple past tense
- Use of temporal conjuctions (when,after,before,next,later,then)
- Use of personal pronoun (I,we)
~ Recount text is a text that is used to retell events for the purpose of informing or entertaining.
The generic structures of recount text are :
1. Orientation (it gives the readers the background information needed to understand the text such as who was involved, where it happened, when it happened).
2. Events (a series of events, ordered in chronological sequerce)
3. Re-Orientation (restates the writer’s opinion or personal comment of the writer on the incident.
The significant lexicogrammatical features :
- Use of simple past tense
- Use of temporal conjuctions (when,after,before,next,later,then)
- Use of personal pronoun (I,we)
Past Tense ~
Untuk menunjukan bahwa suatu perbuatan atau kejadian yang terjadi pada waktu lampau dan berakhir pada saat tertentu di waktu lampau.
Rumus = A : S+tobe+(was/were) + …
B : S+verb bentuk II+ …
Affirmative (+) Negative (-) Interrogative (?)
S+verb II S+did not+ V1 Did+S+Verb I
I+VerbII
They+Verb II
We+verb II
You+verb II
She+verb II
He+verb II
It+verb II
I+did+not+verb 1
We+did+not+verb I
They+did+not+verb I
You+did+not+verb I
She+did+not+verb I
He+did+not+verb I
It+did+not+verb I
Did+I+ Verb I
Did+We+ Verb I
Did+They+ Verb I
Did+you+ Verb I
Did+she+ Verb I
Did+he+ Verb I
Did+it+ Verb I
Expressing sympathy
The definition of sympathy Expression :
~ Sympathy expression is an expression or feeling of pity and sorrow when we know and see someone or people are unlucky or have trouble an in bad condition. By expressing sympathy we want to show our concern or carefulnesson other people’s condition.
~ How can we give sympathy expression to someone ?
We express it directly to him/her orally or we can use a letter or card by post also by short message service (sms), e-mail, television, radio, and newspaper/she who got the trouble is far from us.
~ several expression of sympathy :
• I’d like to express my deepest condolences
• I’m sorry to hear that
• I’m awfully sorry about …
• Oh, how awful !!!!
• Oh, dear !!
• You must be very upset
• Oh, what a shame
• How pity you are !!!
• How terrible/awful for you
Happiness expression :)
~ Happiness expression is an expression that is used to show that someone or people are glad have excited feelings
~ What would you say to express you happiness?
# I’m happy …
# I’m (very) pleased/ (really) delighted
# I can’t say how pleased/delighted I am about it
# I am so glad to hear that
# Great !!!!
# Terrific !!!
# Fantastic !!!
ADVERTISEMENT ..1234......
- Fungtion of advertisement :
- Promotion
- Communication
- Information
We can find the advertisement on newspaper, tabloid, magazine, radio, television, billboard, etc.
- รจ Kinds of advertisement :
Family advertisement- Announcement advertisement
- Invitation advertisement
- Request advertisement
- Offer advertisement
- Sponsor advertisement
APPOINTMEnt -_-
Appointment tell about agreement for meeting it is good to make an appointment before you meet or people.
1.Making an Appointment
- Can I come and see you ?
- I want to make an appointment to see
- I ‘ll be there
- Be there on time
- It’s a deal
- I’ll wait for you
- I’m sorry ,I ‘m very busy
- I ‘m terrible sorry I have to put off my Appointment
- What about……………( Tuesday at.04.00.p.m)
- Do you have another time this afternoon
- Well,I must be off now .I’ll talk to you later.
Dhina : Hi,can I talk to Afgan ?
Afgan : Ya ,it’s me .Who is talking ?
Dhina : I ‘m Dhina .Sorry to disturb you
Afgan : No problem.What’s up ?
Dhina : Well,you like to accompany me to Gary’s House this afternoon?
Afgan : Yeah.I can
Dhina : Okay .I will pick up you at.5.p.m
Afgan : Ok .I wait You.
Gaining attention
Gaining Attention
Gaining attention is a way or eexpression that is spoken so that other people will pay their attention to what we want to .
If yu want to gain attention of some people you can use this:
Giving instructions
The example expression of giving instructions
Recount Text
Recount text is a text that is used to retell event for the purpose of informing or entertaining.
The generic structures of Recount text are :
- Orientation ( its gives the readers the background information needed to understand the text such as who was involved where it happened ,when it happened)
- Events ( a series of events ordered in a chronological sequence )
- Re-orentation ( restates the writer’s opinion or personal comment of the writer on the incident)
Minggu, 21 November 2010
Simple Present Tense
What is simple present tense ??
Simple present tense is the sentence that used to express an action is repeated or usual.The action can be habit,a hobby,a daily event,a schedule event or something that often happens.
There are 2 kinds of simple present tense :
1. NOMINAL SENTENCE
(simple present tense without verb)
Formula :
(+) S + Tobe + Adj/Noun/Adv
(-) S + Tobe + not + Adj/Noun/Adv
(?) Tobe + S + Adj/Noun/Adv ?
Examples :
(+) They are tired.
(-) They are not tired.
(?) Are they tired ?
(+) I am sick.
(-) I am not sick.
(?) Am I sick ?
(+) She is a teacher.
(-) She is not a teacher.
(?) Is she a teacher ?
2. VERBAL
(simple present tense with verb)
Formula :
(+) S + V1 (s/es) + O/C
(-) S + do/does + not + V1 + O/C
(?) Do/does + S + V1 + O/C ?
There are three important note :
Examples :
(+) Amir writes short story.
(-) Amir does not write short story.
(?) Does Amir write short story ?
(+) Yunita,Riana,and Novely study together.
(-) They do not study together.
(?) Do they study together ?
(+) Mola and I play tennis every afternoon.
(-) We do not play tennis every afternoon.
(?) Do we play tennis every afternoon ?
Some frequency that used in simple present tense :
- Always
- Usually
- Often
- Never
- Sometimes
- Seldom
Examples :
- I always remember you.
- They are usually here.
- We often eat in restaurant.
- I never cry.
- She sometimes forgets.
- He seldom studies.
Uses of simple present tense :
- We use the present simple for describe general truth,facts,facts and scientific laws.
Example : The earth moves round the sun.
- We use the present simple for direction.
Example : You come out of the station.
- We use the present simple for habits and routines.
Example : I watch TV every day.
- We use the present simple for things which you like or dislike.
Example : He like short stories.
- We use the present simple for permanent situation.
Example : He lives in London.
-We use the present simple for procedure.
Example : He interview boys.
- We use the present simple for perception.
Example : The food smells good.
Selengkapnya...
Simple present tense is the sentence that used to express an action is repeated or usual.The action can be habit,a hobby,a daily event,a schedule event or something that often happens.
There are 2 kinds of simple present tense :
1. NOMINAL SENTENCE
(simple present tense without verb)
Formula :
(+) S + Tobe + Adj/Noun/Adv
(-) S + Tobe + not + Adj/Noun/Adv
(?) Tobe + S + Adj/Noun/Adv ?
Examples :
(+) They are tired.
(-) They are not tired.
(?) Are they tired ?
(+) I am sick.
(-) I am not sick.
(?) Am I sick ?
(+) She is a teacher.
(-) She is not a teacher.
(?) Is she a teacher ?
2. VERBAL
(simple present tense with verb)
Formula :
(+) S + V1 (s/es) + O/C
(-) S + do/does + not + V1 + O/C
(?) Do/does + S + V1 + O/C ?
There are three important note :
- For the 3rd person singular (she,he,it),we add "s" or "es" to the main verb (only for positive tense).
- For positive sentences,we do not normally use the auxiliary.
- For the verb tobe,we do not use an auxiliary,even for qoestion an negative sentences.
Examples :
(+) Amir writes short story.
(-) Amir does not write short story.
(?) Does Amir write short story ?
(+) Yunita,Riana,and Novely study together.
(-) They do not study together.
(?) Do they study together ?
(+) Mola and I play tennis every afternoon.
(-) We do not play tennis every afternoon.
(?) Do we play tennis every afternoon ?
Some frequency that used in simple present tense :
- Always
- Usually
- Often
- Never
- Sometimes
- Seldom
Examples :
- I always remember you.
- They are usually here.
- We often eat in restaurant.
- I never cry.
- She sometimes forgets.
- He seldom studies.
Uses of simple present tense :
- We use the present simple for describe general truth,facts,facts and scientific laws.
Example : The earth moves round the sun.
- We use the present simple for direction.
Example : You come out of the station.
- We use the present simple for habits and routines.
Example : I watch TV every day.
- We use the present simple for things which you like or dislike.
Example : He like short stories.
- We use the present simple for permanent situation.
Example : He lives in London.
-We use the present simple for procedure.
Example : He interview boys.
- We use the present simple for perception.
Example : The food smells good.
Selengkapnya...
Modals in the Past Form
Modals in the past form : kata bantu pengandaian dalam bentuk lampau.
Modals in the past form are :
It is used to express :
-Past ability (kemampuan di masa lampau)
Example : I could run fast when I was child.
-Polite request (meminjam sesuatu kepada seseorang)
Example : Could I borrow your pen ?
-Suggestion (saran)
Example : I need help in math.You could talk to your teacher.
-Less than 50% certainty (kepastian yg hanya 50%}
Example : Where is John ?He could be at home.
-Impossibility (negative only)
Example : That could not be true !
2. Should,is past form of "shall".
It is used to express :
-Advisability (nasehat,saran)
Example : You should study tonight.
-90% certainty (kebenaran 90%)
Example : She should do well on the test. (future only,not present)
3. Would,is past form of "will".
-For an action that was repeated regulary in the past.
Example :
Ani : “What did you do on holidays?”
Risma : “I would visit my grandparents and my other family in the village, but how not anymore.”
-Insert rather into the pattern and use this expression to express preferences.
Example :
Jerry : “What would you rather do in weekend, go to the party or stay at home?”
Lita : “I would rather stay at home than go to the party.”
-To express polite request.
Example :
Mr. Willy : “Would you mind posting the letter?”
Reva : “No, not at all.”
4. Might,is past form of "may".
-To tell possibilities
Example :
Dina : “Why is Riko taking the bus to get home?”
Rita : “He might get a flat time.”
-To express polite request.
Example :
Dimas : “Might I borrow your book?”
Vera : “Yes, of course.”
Modals in the past form are :
- Could
- Would
- Should
- Might
It is used to express :
-Past ability (kemampuan di masa lampau)
Example : I could run fast when I was child.
-Polite request (meminjam sesuatu kepada seseorang)
Example : Could I borrow your pen ?
-Suggestion (saran)
Example : I need help in math.You could talk to your teacher.
-Less than 50% certainty (kepastian yg hanya 50%}
Example : Where is John ?He could be at home.
-Impossibility (negative only)
Example : That could not be true !
2. Should,is past form of "shall".
It is used to express :
-Advisability (nasehat,saran)
Example : You should study tonight.
-90% certainty (kebenaran 90%)
Example : She should do well on the test. (future only,not present)
3. Would,is past form of "will".
-For an action that was repeated regulary in the past.
Example :
Ani : “What did you do on holidays?”
Risma : “I would visit my grandparents and my other family in the village, but how not anymore.”
-Insert rather into the pattern and use this expression to express preferences.
Example :
Jerry : “What would you rather do in weekend, go to the party or stay at home?”
Lita : “I would rather stay at home than go to the party.”
-To express polite request.
Example :
Mr. Willy : “Would you mind posting the letter?”
Reva : “No, not at all.”
4. Might,is past form of "may".
-To tell possibilities
Example :
Dina : “Why is Riko taking the bus to get home?”
Rita : “He might get a flat time.”
-To express polite request.
Example :
Dimas : “Might I borrow your book?”
Vera : “Yes, of course.”
"Try Again" - Westlife
Hush now don't you cry
There will be a better day
I promise you
We can work it out
But only if you let me know
What's on your mind
Baby, you thought it was forever
Through any kind of weather
But some day you will find what you're searching for
Try again
Never stop believing
Try again
Don't give up on your love
Stumble and fall
Is the heart of it all
When you fall down (down)
Just try again
Smile now, let it go
Hey, you will never be alone
I promise you
If you can't fight the feeling (Oh yeah)
Surrender in your heart
Remember love will set you free
Baby, you thought it was forever
You would always be together
But someday you will find what you're searching for
Try again
Never stop believing
Try again
Don't give up on your love
Stumble and fall
Is the heart of it all
When you fall down (down)
Just try again
Baby, when a heart is crying
Its sometimes feels like dying
The tear drops fall like rain
Baby, you thought it was forever
You would always be together
But someday you will find what you're searching for
Try again (ooh yeah)
Never stop believing (oh no)
Try again
Don't give up on your love
( Dont' give up on your love baby)
Try again
( just try again)
Never stop believing
Try again
Don't give up on your love
Stumble and fall
Is the heart of it all
When you fall down
Just try again
Hush now don't you cry
There will be a better day
I promise you
We can work it out
But only if you let me know
What's on your mind
Baby, you thought it was forever
Through any kind of weather
But some day you will find what you're searching for
Try again
Never stop believing
Try again
Don't give up on your love
Stumble and fall
Is the heart of it all
When you fall down (down)
Just try again
Smile now, let it go
Hey, you will never be alone
I promise you
If you can't fight the feeling (Oh yeah)
Surrender in your heart
Remember love will set you free
Baby, you thought it was forever
You would always be together
But someday you will find what you're searching for
Try again
Never stop believing
Try again
Don't give up on your love
Stumble and fall
Is the heart of it all
When you fall down (down)
Just try again
Baby, when a heart is crying
Its sometimes feels like dying
The tear drops fall like rain
Baby, you thought it was forever
You would always be together
But someday you will find what you're searching for
Try again (ooh yeah)
Never stop believing (oh no)
Try again
Don't give up on your love
( Dont' give up on your love baby)
Try again
( just try again)
Never stop believing
Try again
Don't give up on your love
Stumble and fall
Is the heart of it all
When you fall down
Just try again
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