Simple present tense is the sentence that used to express an action is repeated or usual.The action can be habit,a hobby,a daily event,a schedule event or something that often happens.
There are 2 kinds of simple present tense :
1. NOMINAL SENTENCE
(simple present tense without verb)
Formula :
(+) S + Tobe + Adj/Noun/Adv
(-) S + Tobe + not + Adj/Noun/Adv
(?) Tobe + S + Adj/Noun/Adv ?
Examples :
(+) They are tired.
(-) They are not tired.
(?) Are they tired ?
(+) I am sick.
(-) I am not sick.
(?) Am I sick ?
(+) She is a teacher.
(-) She is not a teacher.
(?) Is she a teacher ?
2. VERBAL
(simple present tense with verb)
Formula :
(+) S + V1 (s/es) + O/C
(-) S + do/does + not + V1 + O/C
(?) Do/does + S + V1 + O/C ?
There are three important note :
- For the 3rd person singular (she,he,it),we add "s" or "es" to the main verb (only for positive tense).
- For positive sentences,we do not normally use the auxiliary.
- For the verb tobe,we do not use an auxiliary,even for qoestion an negative sentences.
Examples :
(+) Amir writes short story.
(-) Amir does not write short story.
(?) Does Amir write short story ?
(+) Yunita,Riana,and Novely study together.
(-) They do not study together.
(?) Do they study together ?
(+) Mola and I play tennis every afternoon.
(-) We do not play tennis every afternoon.
(?) Do we play tennis every afternoon ?
Some frequency that used in simple present tense :
- Always
- Usually
- Often
- Never
- Sometimes
- Seldom
Examples :
- I always remember you.
- They are usually here.
- We often eat in restaurant.
- I never cry.
- She sometimes forgets.
- He seldom studies.
Uses of simple present tense :
- We use the present simple for describe general truth,facts,facts and scientific laws.
Example : The earth moves round the sun.
- We use the present simple for direction.
Example : You come out of the station.
- We use the present simple for habits and routines.
Example : I watch TV every day.
- We use the present simple for things which you like or dislike.
Example : He like short stories.
- We use the present simple for permanent situation.
Example : He lives in London.
-We use the present simple for procedure.
Example : He interview boys.
- We use the present simple for perception.
Example : The food smells good.
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Modals in the Past Form
Modals in the past form : kata bantu pengandaian dalam bentuk lampau.
Modals in the past form are :
It is used to express :
-Past ability (kemampuan di masa lampau)
Example : I could run fast when I was child.
-Polite request (meminjam sesuatu kepada seseorang)
Example : Could I borrow your pen ?
-Suggestion (saran)
Example : I need help in math.You could talk to your teacher.
-Less than 50% certainty (kepastian yg hanya 50%}
Example : Where is John ?He could be at home.
-Impossibility (negative only)
Example : That could not be true !
2. Should,is past form of "shall".
It is used to express :
-Advisability (nasehat,saran)
Example : You should study tonight.
-90% certainty (kebenaran 90%)
Example : She should do well on the test. (future only,not present)
3. Would,is past form of "will".
-For an action that was repeated regulary in the past.
Example :
Ani : “What did you do on holidays?”
Risma : “I would visit my grandparents and my other family in the village, but how not anymore.”
-Insert rather into the pattern and use this expression to express preferences.
Example :
Jerry : “What would you rather do in weekend, go to the party or stay at home?”
Lita : “I would rather stay at home than go to the party.”
-To express polite request.
Example :
Mr. Willy : “Would you mind posting the letter?”
Reva : “No, not at all.”
4. Might,is past form of "may".
-To tell possibilities
Example :
Dina : “Why is Riko taking the bus to get home?”
Rita : “He might get a flat time.”
-To express polite request.
Example :
Dimas : “Might I borrow your book?”
Vera : “Yes, of course.”
Modals in the past form are :
- Could
- Would
- Should
- Might
It is used to express :
-Past ability (kemampuan di masa lampau)
Example : I could run fast when I was child.
-Polite request (meminjam sesuatu kepada seseorang)
Example : Could I borrow your pen ?
-Suggestion (saran)
Example : I need help in math.You could talk to your teacher.
-Less than 50% certainty (kepastian yg hanya 50%}
Example : Where is John ?He could be at home.
-Impossibility (negative only)
Example : That could not be true !
2. Should,is past form of "shall".
It is used to express :
-Advisability (nasehat,saran)
Example : You should study tonight.
-90% certainty (kebenaran 90%)
Example : She should do well on the test. (future only,not present)
3. Would,is past form of "will".
-For an action that was repeated regulary in the past.
Example :
Ani : “What did you do on holidays?”
Risma : “I would visit my grandparents and my other family in the village, but how not anymore.”
-Insert rather into the pattern and use this expression to express preferences.
Example :
Jerry : “What would you rather do in weekend, go to the party or stay at home?”
Lita : “I would rather stay at home than go to the party.”
-To express polite request.
Example :
Mr. Willy : “Would you mind posting the letter?”
Reva : “No, not at all.”
4. Might,is past form of "may".
-To tell possibilities
Example :
Dina : “Why is Riko taking the bus to get home?”
Rita : “He might get a flat time.”
-To express polite request.
Example :
Dimas : “Might I borrow your book?”
Vera : “Yes, of course.”
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